Antivirus software - Wikipedia. For medications concerning biological viruses, see Antiviral. However, with the proliferation of other kinds of malware, antivirus software started to provide protection from other computer threats. In particular, modern antivirus software can protect from: malicious browser helper objects (BHOs), browser hijackers, ransomware, keyloggers, backdoors, rootkits, trojan horses, worms, malicious LSPs, dialers, fraudtools, adware and spyware.
The first known that appeared . From then, the number of viruses has grown exponentially. That changed when more and more programmers became acquainted with computer virus programming and created viruses that manipulated or even destroyed data on infected computers. Antivirus software came into use, but was updated relatively infrequently. During this time, virus checkers essentially had to check executable files and the boot sectors of floppy disks and hard disks. However, as internet usage became common, viruses began to spread online. Possibly, the first publicly documented removal of an . The first product with a heuristic engine resembling modern ones was F- PROT in 1. Indeed, the initial viruses re- organized the layout of the sections, or overrode the initial portion of section in order to jump to the very end of the file where malicious code was located—only going back to resume execution of the original code. This was a very specific pattern, not used at the time by any legitimate software, which represented an elegant heuristic to catch suspicious code. Other kinds of more advanced heuristics were later added, such as suspicious section names, incorrect header size, regular expressions, and partial pattern in- memory matching. In 1. 98. 8, the growth of antivirus companies continued. In Germany, Tjark Auerbach founded Avira (H+BEDV at the time) and released the first version of Anti. Vir (named . In Bulgaria, Dr. Vesselin Bontchev released his first freeware antivirus program (he later joined FRISK Software). Also Frans Veldman released the first version of Thunder. Byte Antivirus, also known as TBAV (he sold his company to Norman Safeground in 1. In Czech Republic, Pavel Baudi! In June 1. 98. 8, in South Korea, Dr. Ahn Cheol- Soo released its first antivirus software, called V1 (he founded Ahn. NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed. As I’ve worked my way through the various oddities of Windows 10, I’ve found that most applications work great. For the most part, anything that worked on Windows. This article covers frequently asked questions pertaining to the Immunet Protect Free and Plus products. Immunet General. I had previously. Lab later in 1. 99. Finally, in the Autumn 1. United Kingdom, Alan Solomon founded S& S International and created his Dr. Solomon's Anti- Virus Toolkit (although he launched it commercially only in 1. Dr. Solomon’s company was acquired by Mc. Afee). In November 1. Panamerican University in Mexico City named Alejandro E. Carriles copyrighted the first antivirus software in Mexico under the name . Some members of this mailing list were: Alan Solomon, Eugene Kaspersky (Kaspersky Lab), Fri. Vesselin Bontchev (FRISK Software). In the meanwhile, in United States, Symantec (founded by Gary Hendrix in 1. Symantec antivirus for Macintosh (SAM). In the same period, in Hungary, also Virus. Buster was founded (which has recently being incorporated by Sophos). In Italy, Gianfranco Tonello created the first version of Vir. IT e. Xplorer antivirus (he founded TG Soft one year later). In 1. 99. 1, CARO released the . CARO members includes: Alan Solomon, Costin Raiu, Dmitry Gryaznov, Eugene Kaspersky, Fri. Vesselin Bontchev. In the same year, in Czechoslovakia, Jan Gritzbach and Tom. On the other hand, in Finland, F- Secure (founded in 1. Petri Allas and Risto Siilasmaa – with the name of Data Fellows) released the first version of their antivirus product. F- Secure claims to be the first antivirus firm to establish a presence on the World Wide Web. In 1. 99. 6, in Romania, Bitdefender was founded and released the first version of Anti- Virus e. Xpert (AVX). In 2. Clam. AV was bought by Sourcefire. Virus writers could use the macros to write viruses embedded within documents. This meant that computers could now also be at risk from infection by opening documents with hidden attached macros. A user's computer could be infected by just opening or previewing a message. It was tested by AV- Comparatives in February 2. As a result, Anti- Malware Testing Standards Organisation (AMTSO) started working on methodology of testing cloud products which was adopted on May 7, 2. Numerous approaches to address these new forms of threats have appeared, including behavioral detection, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and cloud- based file detonation. According to Gartner, it is expected the rise of new entrants, such Carbon Black, Cylance and Crowdstrike will force EPP incumbents into a new phase of innovation and acquisition. Another approach from Sentinel. One and Carbon Black focuses on behavioral detection by building a full context around every process execution path in real time. Cohen's 1. 98. 7 demonstration that there is no algorithm that can perfectly detect all possible viruses. Depending on the actions logged, the antivirus engine can determine if the program is malicious or not. Albeit this technique has shown to be quite effective, given its heaviness and slowness, it is rarely used in end- user antivirus solutions. Data mining and machine learning algorithms are used to try to classify the behaviour of a file (as either malicious or benign) given a series of file features, that are extracted from the file itself. Then, once it is determined to be a malware, a proper signature of the file is extracted and added to the signatures database of the antivirus software. Generic detection refers to the detection and removal of multiple threats using a single virus definition. Symantec classifies members of the Vundo family into two distinct categories, Trojan. Vundo and Trojan. Vundo. B. Virus researchers find common areas that all viruses in a family share uniquely and can thus create a single generic signature. These signatures often contain non- contiguous code, using wildcard characters where differences lie. These wildcards allow the scanner to detect viruses even if they are padded with extra, meaningless code. A rootkit is a type of malware designed to gain administrative- level control over a computer system without being detected. Rootkits can change how the operating system functions and in some cases can tamper with the anti- virus program and render it ineffective. Rootkits are also difficult to remove, in some cases requiring a complete re- installation of the operating system. This monitors computer systems for suspicious activity such as computer viruses, spyware, adware, and other malicious objects in 'real- time', in other words while data loaded into the computer's active memory: when inserting a CD, opening an email, or browsing the web, or when a file already on the computer is opened or executed. For example, Mc. Afee requires users to unsubscribe at least 6. When this happens, it can cause serious problems. For example, if an antivirus program is configured to immediately delete or quarantine infected files, as is common on Microsoft Windows antivirus applications, a false positive in an essential file can render the Windows operating system or some applications unusable. Norton Anti. Virus had falsely identified three releases of Pegasus Mail as malware, and would delete the Pegasus Mail installer file when that happened. MSE flagged Chrome as a Zbot banking trojan. If it was configured to automatically delete detected files, Sophos Antivirus could render itself unable to update, required manual intervention to fix the problem. Anti- virus software can cause problems during the installation of an operating system upgrade, e. Microsoft recommends that anti- virus software be disabled to avoid conflicts with the upgrade installation process. For example, True. Crypt, a disk encryption program, states on its troubleshooting page that anti- virus programs can conflict with True. Crypt and cause it to malfunction or operate very slowly. If the antivirus application is not recognized by the policy assessment, whether because the antivirus application has been updated or because it is not part of the policy assessment library, the user will be unable to connect. Effectiveness. The computer magazine c't found that detection rates for these threats had dropped from 4. At that time, the only exception was the NOD3. Some years ago it was obvious when a virus infection was present. The viruses of the day, written by amateurs, exhibited destructive behavior or pop- ups. Modern viruses are often written by professionals, financed by criminal organizations. The best ones provided as high as 9. August 2. 01. 3. Many virus scanners produce false positive results as well, identifying benign files as malware. The reason for this is that the virus designers test their new viruses on the major anti- virus applications to make sure that they are not detected before releasing them into the wild. Jerome Segura, a security analyst with Pareto. Logic, explained. I've seen people firsthand getting infected, having all the pop- ups and yet they have antivirus software running and it's not detecting anything. It actually can be pretty hard to get rid of, as well, and you're never really sure if it's really gone. When we see something like that usually we advise to reinstall the operating system or reinstall backups. The potential success of this involves bypassing the CPU in order to make it much harder for security researchers to analyse the inner workings of such malware. Rootkits have full administrative access to the computer and are invisible to users and hidden from the list of running processes in the task manager. Rootkits can modify the inner workings of the operating system and tamper with antivirus programs. The malicious code can run undetected on the computer and could even infect the operating system prior to it booting up. An incorrect decision may lead to a security breach. If the antivirus software employs heuristic detection, it must be fine- tuned to minimize misidentifying harmless software as malicious (false positive). Virtual Delivery Agent (VDA) 7. Carl Stalhood. Navigation. VMware 2. 10. 96. Video playback performance issue with hardware version 1. VMs in 2. D mode. For virtual desktops, give the virtual machine: 2+ v. CPU and 2+ GB of RAMFor Windows 2. R2 RDSH, give the virtual machine 4 v. CPU and 1. 2- 2. 4 GB of RAMFor Windows 2. R2 RDSH, give the virtual machine 8 v. CPU, and 2. 4- 4. GB of RAMRemove the floppy drive. Remove any serial or LPT ports. If v. Sphere. To reduce disk space, reserve memory. Memory reservations reduce or eliminate the virtual machine . The NIC should be VMXNET3. If this VDA will boot from Provisioning Services. Give the VDA extra RAM for caching. Do not enable Memory Hot Plug. For v. Sphere, the NIC must be VMXNET3. For v. Sphere, configure the CD- ROM to boot from IDE instead of SATA. SATA comes with VM hardware version 1. SATA won’t work with Pv. S. Install the latest version of drivers (e. VMware Tools). For more details, see CTX2. Intermittent Connection Failures/Black Screen Issues When Connecting from Multi- Monitor Client Machines to Windows 7 VDA with VDA 7. Sphere/ESXi. If v. Sphere, disable NIC Hotplug. Users could use the systray icon to Eject the Ethernet Controller. Obviously this is bad. To disable this functionality, power off the virtual machine. Once powered off, right- click the virtual machine and click Edit. Settings. On the VM Options tab, expand Advanced and then click Edit Configuration. Click Add. Row. On the left, enter devices. On the right, enter false. Then click OK a couple times to close the windows. The VM can then be powered on. Windows Preparation. If RDSH, disable IE Enhanced Security Config. Optionally, go to Action Center (Windows 8. R2) or Security and Maintenance (Windows 1. User Account Control and enable Smart. Screen . Run Windows Update. If Windows Firewall is enabled. Enable File Sharing so you can access the VDA remotely using SMBEnable COM+ Network Access and the three Remote Event Log rules so you can remotely manage the VDA. Add your Citrix Administrators group to the local Administrators group on the VDA. The Remote Desktop Services “Prompt for Password” policy prevents Single Sign- on to the Virtual Delivery Agent. Check registry key HKEY. If f. Prompt. For. Password = 1 then you need to fix group policy. The following GPO setting will prevent Single Sign- on from working. This hotfix solved a Personal v. Disk Image update issue detailed at Citrix Discussions. If this VDA is Windows Server 2. R2, request and install the Windows hotfixes recommended by Citrix CTX1. Scroll down to see the list of recommended Microsoft hotfixes for Windows Server 2. R2. Ignore the Xen. App 6. x portions of the article. Also see http: //www. To remove the built- in apps in Windows 1. Robin Hobo How to remove built- in apps in Windows 1. Enterprise. For Remote Assistance in Citrix Director, configure the GPO setting Computer Configuration . See Jason Samuel – How to setup Citrix Director Shadowing with Remote Assistance using Group Policy for more details. If you intend to use Citrix’s SCOM Management Packs for Xen. App/Xen. Desktop, make sure Win. RM is enabled on the VDA by running winrm quickconfig. Install Virtual Delivery Agent 7. For virtual desktops, make sure you are logged into the console. The VDA won’t install if you are connected using RDP. Make sure 8. 3 file name generation is not disabled. If so, see CTX1. 31. User Cannot Launch Application in Seamless Mode to fix the App. Init. You can use the Command Line Installer to exclude Telemetry Service as detailed at VDA upgrade cmdlet at Citrix Discussions. Xen. Desktop. VDASetup. Enable. Alternatively, you can download the standalone VDA package and run that instead. Click Start next to either Xen. App or Xen. Desktop. The only difference is the product name displayed in the installation wizard. Click Virtual Delivery Agent for Windows Desktop OS or Windows Server OS depending on which type of VDA you are building. In the Environment page, select Create a Master Image and click Next. For virtual desktops, in the HDX 3. D Pro page, click Next. In the Core Components page, if you don’t need Citrix Receiver installed on your VDA then uncheck the box. Click Next. In the Delivery Controller page, select Do it manually. Enter the FQDN of each Controller. Click Test connection. And then make sure you click Add. Click Next when done. In the Features page, click Next. If this is a virtual desktop, you can leave Personal v. Disk unchecked now and enable it later. In the Firewall page, click Next. In the Summary page, click Install. For RDSH, click Close when you are prompted to restart. After the machine reboots twice, login and installation will continue. Note: NT SERVICE\Citrix. Telemetry. Service needs permission to login as a service. In the Call Home page, click Connect, enter your My. Citrix credentials, and then click Next. In the Finish page, click Finish to restart the machine again. If 8. 3 file name generation is disabled, see CTX1. User Cannot Launch Application in Seamless Mode to fix the App. Init. When logging in through Citrix I got message “Wait for local session manager” for 2. When logging in to the server with RDS, I do not have to wait for this.”“Add the following 2 registry keys to your 7. VDA server – then try connecting to it using ICA to see if the issue still occurs: Add reg keys in “HKLM\SOFTWARE\Citrix\Group. Policy”Dword: “Cache. Gpo. Expire. In. Hours” – Value = 5- 2. Hours) ***start with value of 5***Dword: “Gpo. Cache. Enabled” – Value = 1. Restart the machine after adding these registry keys and attempt an ICA connection (at least twice) to see if that helps the Login delay.”Controller Registration Port. Some environments will not accept the default port 8. Virtual Delivery Agent registration. To change the port, do the following on the Virtual Delivery Agent: Open Programs and Features. Find Citrix Virtual Delivery Agent and click Change. Click Customize Virtual Delivery Agent Settings. Edit the Delivery Controllers and click Next. On the Configure Delivery Controller page, change the port number and click Next. In the Summary page, click Reconfigure. In the Finish Reconfiguration page, click Finish. You must also change the VDA registration port on the Controllers by running Broker. Service. exe /VDAPort. Controller Registration – Verify. If you restart the Virtual Delivery Agent machine or restart the Citrix Desktop Service. If you don’t see this then you’ll need to fix the List. Of. DDCs registry key. You can also run Citrix’s Health Assistant on the VDA. Profile Management 5. Warning: If you are upgrading and have existing Windows 2. R2 profiles based on the ! CTX! To fix it, run the following commands. C: \Windows\Microsoft. NET\Framework. 64\v. The setting is called Auto- create PDF Universal Printer. Framehawk Configuration. To enable Framehawk, see http: //www. Remote Desktop Licensing Configuration. On 2. 01. 2 R2 RDSH, the only way to configure Remote Desktop Licensing is using group policy (local or domain). This procedure also works for 2. R2 RDSH. This procedure is not needed on virtual desktops. For local group policy, run gpedit. Go to Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Remote Desktop Services > Remote Desktop Session Host > Licensing. Double- click Use the specified Remote Desktop license servers. Change it to Enabled and enter the names of the RDS Licensing Servers (typically installed on Xen. Desktop Controllers). Click OK. Double- click Set the Remote Desktop licensing mode. Change it to Enabled and select Per User. Click OK. In Server Manager, open the Tools menu, expand Terminal Services and click RD Licensing Diagnoser. The Diagnoser should find the license server and indicate the licensing mode. It’s OK if there are no licenses installed on the Remote Desktop License Server. Several people in Citrix Discussions reported the following issue: If you see a message about RD Licensing Grace Period has expired even though RD Licensing is properly configured, see Eric Verdumen No remote Desktop Licence Server availible on RD Session Host server 2. The solution was to delete the REG. You must take ownership and give admin users full control to be able to delete this value. C: Drive Permissions. This section is more important for shared VDAs like Windows 2. R2 and Windows 2. R2. The default permissions allow users to store files on the C: drive in places other than their profile. Open the Properties dialog box for C. On the Security tab, click Advanced. Highlight the line containing Users and Create Folders and click Remove. Highlight the line containing Users and Special and click Remove. Click OK. Click Yes to confirm the permissions change. If you see any of these Error Applying Security windows, click Continue. Click OK to close the C: drive properties. Pagefile. If this image will be converted to a Provisioning Services v. Disk, then you must ensure the pagefile is smaller than the cache disk. For example, if you allocate 2. GB of RAM to your Remote Desktop Session Host, and if the cache disk is only 1. GB, then Windows will have a default pagefile size of 2. GB and Provisioning Services will be unable to move it to the cache disk. This causes Provisioning Services to cache to server instead of caching to your local cache disk (or RAM). Open System. In 2. R2, you can right- click the Start button and click System. Click Advanced system settings. On the Advanced tab, click the top Settings button. On the Advanced tab, click Change. Either turn off the pagefile or set the pagefile to be smaller than the cache disk. Don’t leave it set to System managed size. Click OK several times. Direct Access Users. When Citrix Virtual Delivery Agent is installed on a machine, non- administrators can no longer RDP to the machine. A new local group called Direct Access Users is created on each Virtual Delivery Agent. Add your non- administrator RDP users to this local group so they can RDP directly to the machine. Windows Profiles v.
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